‘Socio-Cultural’ Approaches to Language, Literacy and...

Socio-cultural can be defined as relating to the social and cultural practices, thoughts, beliefs and traditions within a particular society (Princeton University, 2003). Language is used worldwide, however every individual learns their own and different language and literacy’s in a variety of ways. Everyone creates their own Discourse. As a teacher we must learn these ways and relate them to our own knowledge about learning language and then create a new unknown discourse of language for the students. In doing this we may refer to the 4 Resources Model (Freebody and Luke, 1990), language as a social cultural practice, literacy development and different text types. Without language the world we live in would not exist as it does. Texts are†¦show more content†¦These activities do not neglect the children because nothing can be incorrect. The can use their original Discourse instead of their secondary discourse which they normally use at school. The text user is to be ‘aware of the texts purpose’ (Green Campbell, 2004). This relates to the meaning of the text and being able to relate it to other texts. (Anstey Bull, 2004) Raised a number of questions such as: Why did they write this? What should I do with the context? What are the alternatives after the reading? Everyone interpret texts differently so you can scan texts to find the important parts you want to know. The uses of texts are behaviours that you learn; you need to teach how you use the text and the purpose of what parts are important to read and what are not, so they read the necessary information. The lesson plan used text user through class discussion and the last activity with related titles of stories to continue the activity on and what they had learnt and comparisons. The text analyst ‘looks at the text with a cynical eye’ (Green Campbell, 2004) is uses who, what and why sequence about the story. To be an analyst you must learn and respect the author of the text. The author chooses how the text will look, the structure, the grammar and the words used to create there meaning. Newspapers are great example of this. England paper may say â€Å"huge victoryShow MoreRelatedRaising Achievement of Ethnic Minority Children3671 Words   |  15 Pagesissues and English as Additional Language (EAL) while briefly looking at other barriers such as†¦ Statistical data collected from the Pupil Level Annual School Census (PLASC) 2002 would be analysed in respect to this group social economic status and its effect on their learning. The literature would outline the significance of raising achievement, particularly ICT teacher’s responsibility. This report would identify some strategies/solutions including pedagogical approaches to raising achievement whichRead MoreA Successful Literacy Program Explicitly Teaches Phonological Awareness And Word Knowledge For Reading Fluency1492 Words   |  6 PagesA successful literacy program explicitly teaches phonological awareness and word knowledge for reading fluency and comprehension, within an environment catering for varying literacy levels. Instructional processes for reading instruction have been argued about throughout time, though it has since been studied and determined that success in reading relates to acquisition of phonological awareness and word knowledge (National Reading Panel, 2000, p. 2-1). Word knowledge is the association of soundsRead MoreCulturally Responsive Teaching : An Emerging Field1509 Words   |  7 PagesResponsive Teaching is an emerging field that focuses on student cultural backgrounds and experiences in the development of pedagogy. 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Before the advent of schools, children were taught at home by their parents, older siblings, grandparents, and/or other relatives. With the introduction of formal schooling, the teaching of values, cultural practices, and skills such as cooking, sewing, farming, and trapping continued to originate in the home. Today, in spite of the vast public and private educational systems, someRead MoreCsd 269 Study Guide Week 6 Essay2836 Words   |  12 PagesStudy Guides for Deaf People and Journey Text Readings Week 6 People Chapter 5 1. What kinds of parent-child interactions lead to language learning in babies? pointing, eye gazing, smiles, vocalizations, and engagement in games, nursery rhymes, and songs, family stories, and picture books 2. What categories do children’s first words usually fall into? names of animals, foods, toys, actions adjectives and social words (please, thank you, no, yes) 3. How does a sight-word

NURS 6053N 12 Taking A Stand - 1067 Words

Taking a Stand Taking a Stand Nursing profession is constantly changing with the development of new technologies that lead to a new level of responsibility. The new level of responsibility challenges nurses torespond to different and difficultsituations in the health care industry, especially in protecting the human right, dignity of patients and their safety. Nurses hold adistinctive position as patient advocates, regardless of their respective areas of practice; either in a home health, clinic, or in a hospital setting. Nursesare faced with ethical decisions, both personal and professional decisions. One of the many roles played by a nurse is to advocate for his or her patients,provide holistic care for them, and make surethat†¦show more content†¦She always worked as a team member anddedicated nurse.This is evidenced by the number of compliments she received each time our patient satisfactionsurvey report was reviewed, as well as the compliments from her patients. Strategies to help fulfill the role of an Advocate Accepting diversity and being culturally sensitive arethe motivating factorsenhancing the readiness to be an advocate for someone else. Diversity is the variancesbetweenindividuals or amongpeople from different ethnic backgrounds. Ethnic sensitivity and consciousnessenhance thereadiness to take a stand and advocate for somebody else especially in this case with my coworker. It has been almost 35 years since I left my Country, Nigeria, and I still speak with some accent. Several characteristics of advocacy and the responsibility to the nursing profession increases the possibility that at some point in time, all nurses as well as managers will be confronted with ethical dilemmas in their practices (Marquis Huston, 2012). Motivation for taking a stand My motivation is that when I came to this country in the 1990s, I was accommodated and given the chance to make mistakes and learn from them. Adapting to the American system was not an easy one regardless of my prior knowledge of the English language. I was faced with some challenges,but now I can take a stand to advocate

Internal Audit Function and Fraud Detection in Government free essay sample

CHAPTER ONE 1. 0Introduction This chapter will cover the background of the study, the statement of the problem, the purpose of the study, the objectives, the research questions, and the scope, the significance of the study and the structure of the report. 1. 1Background of the Study According to Hector Perela, (2009), Internal auditing function with other intervention mechanisms like financial reporting and external audit to helps maintain cost-efficient contracting between owners and managers. It is designed by government agencies to add value and improve organizational performance.It helps organizations accomplish their objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approaches to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control and governance processes. † Internal audit helps organizations to ensure that financial and other records are reliable and complete. As well as ensuring that management adheres to policies and procedures for orderly and efficient conduct of the business, proper recording and safeguarding of assets and resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Audit Function and Fraud Detection in Government or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The purpose of internal audit as far as the organization is concerned is to get accounting errors corrected and control weaknesses eliminated.The most testing time for the internal auditor is the report he/she writes to achieve this end. No precise legal definition of fraud exists; many of the offences referred to as fraud are covered by the Theft Acts of 1968 and 1978. Generally, the term is used to describe such acts as deception, bribery, forgery, extortion, corruption, theft, conspiracy, embezzlement, misappropriation, false representation, concealment of material facts and collusion. For practical purposes fraud may be defined as the use of deception with the intention of obtaining an advantage, avoiding an obligation or causing loss to another part. Internal Audit, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK) On one hand, fraud detection in government agencies involves employees or managers of the victim organization (commercial angles news letters 2001), the most effective tools for fraud detection are internal audit review, specific investigation by management, employee notification, and accidental discovery. Fraud detection helps Management to address its responsibility through development of an appropriate design of the system of internal control and the effective operation of that system.Numerous fraud prevention and detection techniques are now utilized to reduce the direct and indirect costs associated with all forms of fraud. These various techniques include but are not limited to: fraud policies, telephone hot lines, employee reference checks, fraud vulnerability reviews, vendor contract reviews and sanctions, analytical reviews , password protection, firewalls, digital analysis and other forms of soft ware technology, and discovery sampling (Thomas and Gibson, 2003).Government departments implements the ideas and decisions of executive government in a particular area of governance. Each department is led by a minister in charge or commissioner, and the main work of the department is determined by legislation. Despite the internal audit function, many government agencies fail to detect fraud for example loss of huge monies in NAADS. The National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) is a Ugandan government agency created in 2001 to improve rural livelihoods by increasing agricultural productivity and profitability.